WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is a free, open-source project that provides web browsers and mobile applications with real-time communication (RTC) via simple application programming interfaces (APIs). It allows audio and video communication to work inside web pages by allowing direct peer-to-peer communication, eliminating the need to install plugins or download native apps.
It is Supported by Apple, Google, Microsoft, Mozilla, and Opera, WebRTC is being standardized through the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
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WebRTC is available via JavaScript in Firefox, Opera and in Chrome on desktop and Android. WebRTC is also available for native apps on iOS and Android. Both browser and mobile APIs provide several built-in features like camera/microphone capturing and playing to make possible video calls. WebRTC protocol transfers not only video and audio streams but also data streams like game data. There are several other protocols for media streaming, like RTMP (Real-Time Messaging Protocol), HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) and MPEG-DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP). However, WebRTC has some key features that make it a promising technology such as:
Before the advent of the WebRTC technology, users had to waste their time on installing and using third-party plugins. Moreover, developers had to deploy C/C++ (a programming language) which requires time and resources due to never-ending development cycles. WebRTC makes all those troubles of users, as well as developers, go away for good. All you need to run the WebRTC enabled technologies is a WebRTC API or JavaScript API. Apart from the APIs, WebRTC comes built-in in various popular browsers like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, etc. It is also important to note that WebRTC isn’t limited to web browsers but the technology also expands to mobile OS. For instance, you may use WebRTC on Android. The technology actually allows users to access the device’s mic and camera so they can enjoy real-time communication.
Of course. WebRTC is completely secure. It uses end-to-end encryption to prevent 3rd parties from seeing or stealing your data. However, if you are using a VPN, the WebRTC could leak your I.P address.
WebRTC is completely secure. It employs various security measures to protect your data secure. The best security features of WebRTC are as follows.
WebRTC works directly between browsers without requiring any plugin installation. This makes WebRTC inherently safer and provides extra protection against malware or other harmful or malicious software that may be disguised as a plug-in. Also, since WebRTC can be easily integrated into the browsers, any potential security threats or vulnerabilities can be addressed quickly via auto-updates from the browser vendors.
The WebRTC specification has addressed potential concerns to allowing access to media resources by requiring explicit permission for the camera or microphone of the device. WebRTC application can't access any device without your consent. Also, whenever a device is in use, it will be indicated in your UI and hardware.
WebRTC is totally encrypted right from the establishment throughout the connection by using Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) ciphers in a DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security) handshake to ensure secure data transfer. For audio and video transmission, it generates AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) keys, which in turn are used by SRTP (Secure Real-time Transport Protocol) for media encryption and decryption.
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